湖南省外商直接投资区位与全国各省市的比较

Comparison of the Location Condition of Foreign Direct Investment between Hunan and ten other Provinces in China

以我国东、中、西部有典型代表的10省市与湖南省为研究对象,设定有代表性的区位因素指标,运用灰色关联对各省市外商直接投资区位进行实证分析,通过相关因素的横向分析和对比来探讨湖南省外商直接投资区位条件。结果表明:经济规模和市场容量、区域的全球化水平和外贸依存度、信息化发展程度和基础设施状况、地理区位和区位惯性基本上决定了外商直接投资在我国的区位选择;工业化水平、劳动力成本、城市化水平、市场化程度、第三产业发展水平对外商直接投资的区位选择有一定的影响。湖南省在信息化发展水平和基础设施、人力资源、科技、第三产业发展水平上有一定的优势,劣势则表现在外贸依存度、融资能力、工业化发展水平等。

By using the method of Grey Correlation Analysis, the foreign direct investment （FDI） in Hunan and 10 representative provinces （municipalities） in China are studied, in which the representative indexes of location factors are set up. With the place-to-place contrast analysis of correlative factors, the location condition of FDI in Hunan is discussed. The results show that： economic scale and capacity of market, regional globatization degree and dependence degree on foreign trade, informatization level, infrastructure conditions, geographical location and location inertia decide the location choice of FDI, while industrialization level, labor cost, urbanization level, marketization degree and development level of tertiary industry have certain effects on FDI. Hunan has some advantages in informatization development degree, infrastructural facilities, labor resources, science and technology and tertiary industry level, but disadvantages in dependence degree on foreign trade, financing ability, industrialization level, etc.