被害马尾松(Pinus massoniana)针叶挥发性物质的提取、鉴定及蚕饰腹寄蝇(Blepharipa zebina)的电生理活性

The absorption and identification of volatiles from pine needles of Pinus massoniana Lamb.damaged by Dendrolimus punctatus(Walker) and the antennal responses of female Blepharipa zebina(Walker) to these volatile compounds

试验使用动态顶空吸附的方法,提取了被害马尾松(Pinus massoniana)针叶挥发物,并通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)及标准样品进行鉴定。结果表明,被害马尾松针叶挥发性物质主要包括绿叶挥发物、单萜、含氧单萜及倍半萜等四大类物质;挥发物中以单萜的含量最高,其它3类物质含量较低。通过触角电位图(EAG)技术,测定了23种挥发性物质标准样品的石蜡油溶液对蚕饰腹寄蝇(Blepharipa zebina)雌蝇的电生理活性。结果表明,蚕饰腹寄蝇雌蝇对α-蒎烯、β-蒎烯、长叶烯、莰烯、乙酸冰片酯等的相对触角电位反应值与湿润空气对照相比并无显著差异;雌蝇对其它刺激物的相对触角电位反应值与湿润空气对照相比均存在显著差异。同时测定了雌蝇对8种标样,在5个浓度系列下的剂量-反应,并分析了反应阈值。结果表明,蚕饰腹寄蝇雌蝇对顺-3-己烯-1-醇和里哪醇的反应阈值为0.1μg/μl,对壬醛的反应阈值为1μg/μl,对柠檬烯、α-水芹烯、2,6-二甲基-2,4,6-辛三烯、β-石竹烯4种物质的反应阈值为100μg/μl,而对α-蒎烯,在测试的剂量范围内不存在反应阈值。在确定对蚕饰腹寄蝇有生理活性的物质成分和分析反应阈值的基础上,对寄生蝇类定位寄主的机制进行了讨论。

Dendrolimus punctatus （Walker） （Lepidoptera： Lasiocampidae） is the primary insect pest of pine forests in China. Blepharipa zebina （Walker） （Diptera： Tachinidae） is the important natural enemy of the pine caterpillars. The volatiles form the Pinus massoniana damaged by Dendrolimus punctatus were collected with the method of dynamic headspace absorption. And they were identified using the gas chromatographic-mass spectrometry（GC-MS） and the standard samples. The results showed that there were 4 different chemical classes in the volatiles compounds including the general green volatiles, hydrocarbon monoterpenes, oxygenated monoterpenes and sesquiterpenoids. Hydrocarbon monoterpenes had the largest quantity＇ and other chemical classes had the small quantity in the volatiles compounds. Antennal olfactory responses of female B. zebina to 23 pine volatiles compounds were measured by electroantennogram （EAG） techniques. The results showed that no significant differences were found in the antennal olfactory responses of female B. zebina to β-pinene, α-pinene, longifolene, camphene, bornyl acetate and humidity air. But there were significant difference between other compounds and humidity air. Such as cis- 3-hexen- 1-ol, cis- 3-hexenyl acetate, 1-octen- 3-ol, 3-octanol, linalool, limonene, they all could elicit high EAG responses. Dose-response of B. zebina to serial stimulus loads （0.1,1,10,1012, 1000μg/μl） of 8 standard chemicals and the threshold were also measured and analyzed. Dose-response curves constructed from EAGs revealed a low threshold （0.1 μg/μl） for cis-3-Hexen- 1-oi and linalool, a moderate threshold （11μg/μl） for nonanal and a high threshold （ 100μg/μl ） for Limonene, α-phellandrene, 2, 6-dimethyl- 2, 4, 6-octatrien and β- caryophyllene. There is no threshold for α-pinene in the serial stimulus loads. The role of pine volatiles in host habitat location of tachinid fly was discussed.