淹水对两种甜樱桃砧木根系无氧呼吸酶及发酵产物的影响

Effects of water-logging on anaerobic respiration enzymes and fermentation products in roots of two kind of sweet cherry rootstocks

以美早/东北山樱桃、美早/马哈利为试材,研究了淹水过程中两种甜樱桃砧木生长根、褐色木质根中无氧呼吸酶——丙酮酸脱羧酶(PDC)、乙醇脱氢酶(ADH)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性及褐色木质根的发酵产物——乙醛、乙醇和乳酸含量变化,结果表明:两类根系PDC、LDH活性均呈先升后降趋势,ADH活性变化在生长根中亦先升后降,而在褐色木质根中为上升趋势,三种酶活性变化幅度表现为生长根大于褐色木质根;美早/东北山樱桃两类根系中ADH和LDH活性增加幅度大于美早/马哈利,PDC则相反;两种砧木褐色木质根乙醛、乙醇含量呈升高趋势,乳酸含量先升后降;最终美早/东北山樱桃褐色木质根中乙醛含量低于美早/马哈利,乙醇含量则相反,而乳酸含量前者较早达峰值且高于后者峰值。

Meizao/Dongbeishanyingtao （Peunus serrulata G. Don） and Meizao/Mahaleb （Prunus mohaleb L. ） were chosen as experiment materials. The activities of anaerobic respiration enzymes including pyruvate decarboxylase （PDC）, alcohol dehydrogenase（ADH） and lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） in both sweet cherry rootstock growing roots and brown lignified roots as well as the contents of the fermentation products including acetaldehyde, ethanol and lactate in the brown lignified roots were studied under water-logging. The results showed that the PDC and LDH activities increased at first and then decreased in both kinds of roots, so the ADH activity in growing roots did, but the ADH activity in brown lignified roots increased. These enzyme activities in growing roots changed much more than those in brown lignified roots. The ADH and LDH activities in both Meizao/Dongbeishanyingtao roots increased much more than that of Meizao/Mahaleb roots, but PDC reversed. The contents of acetaldehyde and ethanol increased in both brown lignified roots, however, lactate increased at first and then decreased. At last the acetaldehyde content in brown lignified roots of Meizao/Dongbeishanyingtao was lower than Meizao/Mahaleb, but the ethanol content reversed, as for lactate, the former maximum was higher than the latter and reached the maximum earlier.