蓝标型显性核不育小麦的特性及其F_1杂种优势分析

Characters and F_1 Heterosis Performance of Dominant Nuclear Male-sterile Lines with a Blue Seed Marker

为了使小麦显性太谷核不育基因Ms2在杂种小麦上得以利用,以创制的显性蓝粒附加系97-866为基础,转育成功8份不同基因背景的新不育系,并对这8个不育系的粒色和育性分离状况以及杂种优势进行了分析。结果表明,在这8个新不育系的后代中,蓝粒不育株占20.6%-23.8%,平均为22.3%;白粒非矮秆可育株占77.6%,其它类型仅占0.1%,表明蓝粒基因、Ms2和Rht10基因均位于附加染色体上,而且连锁紧密。但对性状不同轮回亲本,矮败蓝粒于的传递率有差异,部分轮回亲本间差异达到5%显著水平,同一轮回亲本在不同年份间对蓝粒不育株传递率的影响差异不显著。F1代杂种优势表现为既有超亲优势又有超标优势,筛选出3个杂交种的籽粒产量超过对照15%以上。

In order to use Ms2（Ta1） gene in hybrid wheat,8 dominant nuclear dwarf male-sterile lines with a blue seed marker were bred from 97-866.The seed color,seed set rate and F1 heterosis of 8 new male sterile lines with different genetic background were analyzed.The result suggested the inheritance ratio for blue seed male-sterile plants and white seed male-fertile plants in progeny was 22.3% and 77.6%,respectively.It was indicated that the blue grain genes,Rht10 and Ms2 were probably located on the same addition chromosome and tightly linked.There is significant difference between blue seed male-sterile plants and the recurrent parents,but there is no significant difference among years.3 combinations with economical yield over 15% than CK were selected.