北阴阳营新石器时代墓地分析与探讨

Analysis on Beiyinyangying Graveyard during Neolithic Age

北阴阳营新石器时代墓地由于其特殊的埋葬方式、随葬品极其复杂等原因,从器物形态的角度进行文化的分期较困难,但若从墓地结构与布局变迁的角度进行考察,并结合器物形态变化的程度,则可以大致以第三、第二墓层之间为界,将墓葬区代表的新石器时代文化分为早、晚两个期(段)。笔者认为从空间关系上看墓地上存在着分群、群内分组而葬的现象,这表现在各墓群随葬的陶器与石制品的比重上也有明显的差别,说明墓地有不同的社群组织构成并且社群间的生产经济方面的职能分化已见端倪。另外,本文还指出墓地所代表的社会存在陶器制作分散、自由化的特点,整个社会缺乏统一的生产系统,社会没有被有机地整合,这可能是北阴阳营类型文化最终消融在崧泽——良渚文化系统中的一个重要原因。

The time division of Neolithic graveyards of Beiyinyangying from the ware configuration was handicapped by the specific burial methods and complicated funeral objects. However. the 3rd and 2nd layers of tombs can be divided into two periods considering tomb structure combined with ware configuration variation process. The author thinks there exists phenomenon of specific tombs Jn spe- cific sites, and even with one specific site, which demonstrated in the obvious difference of potteries and stone wares found in tombs. The difference gives a clue to the emergence of different social orga- nizations and function differentiation in producing economy. Apart from this, this paper also points out one of the important reasons why Beiyinyaugying type finally integralled into Liangzhu Culture-this culture lacked social integrality revealed by the tiberty in making potteries.