布尔迪厄的“文学场”理论研究

ON BOURDIEU'S LITERATURE FIELD THEORY

布尔迪厄的文学场理论,采用一种关系主义视角,认为对文学现象的解读必须语境化、历史化,要结合文学行动者的性情系统、社会轨迹以及文化资本来加以探究,把文学艺术置于社会历史的场域空间之中进行考察,从而实现对二元对立的内部研究和外部研究的超越。论文沿着布迪厄的轨迹考察了文学场诞生的历史过程,在内部,文学场围绕文化资本展开斗争,遵循输者为赢得逻辑;但在与外部权力场的关系中,文学场又总是处于被统治地位。文学场符号斗争的基础是对文学幻象的信仰,但在特定的历史语境中,尤其在消费文化冲击下,文学场已经不再是传统社会作为信仰空间的生产场,从某种意义上,布迪厄的文学场理论不过是一个审美的乌托邦。

The literary field theory of P. Bourdieu, adopting relation doctrine angle of view, reckons that the interpretation of literary phenomena must combine the temperament system, social tract and cultural capital of the literature actors＇ , place the literature art in the society of field area space in order to carry on an investigation. In this paper, along with the tract of P. Bourdieu, researches the history process of the birth of literary field. Interiorly, the literature field content for the cultural capital, following for the losing as winner logic;But when conflicts with the exterior power, the literature field again always be placed in to be ruled position. The strive of the literary field was based on the faith to the literature mirage, but in the particular history context, particularly with the impact of consumption culture, the literature field is no longer the traditional field that produces the faith of the society. In some way, we can say that the literary field theory of P. Bourdieu is just an Utopia for appreciating beauty.