儒家思想与东亚公共哲学──以“和而不同”意旨之分析为例

Confucianism and East Asian Public Philosophy:An Analysis of "Harmonize but Not Conform"

探讨儒家思想能否作为东亚公共哲学的基础,首先需要厘清什么是公共哲学,并比较东亚与西方公共哲学概念的异同。在此基础上讨论东亚公共哲学能否成立的问题,并以"和而不同"为例,说明儒家思想可以提供一种有利于公共哲学发展的伦理系统。另一方面,从儒家对"异端"的看法,也可以进一步分析儒家和谐哲学的底蕴与宽容异见的限度。在厘清了"攻乎异端,斯害也已"的真义之后,可以发现儒家对待异己学说的态度是模棱两可的,如果要使儒家与公共哲学接榫,我们仍然必须对儒家思想进行创造性的转化。

The article explores the possibility of building pubhc philosophy on the basis of Confucianism. It begins with a discussion of the idea of public philosophy, and how it differs in East Asia and the West. Then, the article takes the idea of ＂harmonize but not confirm＂ as an example to argue how Confucianism can serve as the foundation of East Asian public philosophy. However, the article also analyzes the limits of Confucian＇s doctrine of harmony as well as its concept of toleration by examining its attitude towards heresy. The conclusion is that we must transform ancient Confucianism in a creative way to make it compatible with modem public philosophy.