论黑格尔伦理学的几个突出创见

On the creative views of Hegel's ethics

较传统伦理学之仅仅讨论价值领域或礼风民俗,黑格尔的伦理学关注远为宏大的视域,它是对人类整体的自由生存的集中探讨,并且提出了自己的许多突出创见。在黑格尔的伦理法哲学中,在历史上和学术上被割裂的各个概念和领域,比如伦理和法,被完整地统一了起来,使伦理成为一种全整性的社会生活方式,大大地扩展了伦理学的领域;他丰富了伦理学的内涵,以"精神"统一了伦理意识和伦理现实,将权利和需要作为伦理的基础,并系统地阐述了伦理的辩证内涵;他厘定了道德和伦理的差别;他将伦理视为自由的实现,将自由视为伦理的目的;他将伦理的真谛指向了由自由意志所塑成的普遍性——共同体精神。

Compared to the traditional ethics which confines its discussion to value field and folkways,Hegel's ethics covers a wider range of topics,focusing on the exploration of human existence and bringing forward many creative views.Some separated academic notions and research fields were connected in Hegel's ethics,which greatly widened the field of ethics and enriched the connotation of ethics.Hegel unified the ethic consciousness and reality,and systematically analyzed the dialectical connotation of ethics.He distinguished ethic from morality,regarding ethic as the realization of freedom and freedom as the goal of ethic.In Hegel's theory,the essence of ethic is directed to the mutual spirit,the catholicity cultivated by free wills.