基于形态学梯度的图像边缘检测算法

Algorithm of Image Edge Detection Based on Mathematical Morphology Gradient

边缘检测是数字图像处理的一个重要内容,讨论了经典的边缘检测算子算法,该算法更多地采用Prewitt算子、LOG算子、Canny算子等在空域中进行。数学形态学在图像处理中有广泛的应用,其基本原理是基于利用结构元素去探测图像;在讨论常见数学形态学梯度的基础上,提出了一种基于形态学梯度的图像边缘检测算法,应用定义的形态学梯度结构检测出较理想的图像边缘信息。仿真结果表明,该算法在含噪图像中能得到较为理想的图像边缘信息,其抗噪声性能明显地优于经典的算子检测算法,在检测精度方面较经典的单一算子检测方法亦有一定的改善。

Edge detection is one of the important roles in the digital image processing, the Prewitt operator, LOG operator and Canny operator are adopted in the classical edge detection operator arithmetic in space domain. Mathematic morphology is utilized in digital image processing, among which the basic method detects image based on structural elements. Address a kind of image edge detection arithmetic based on morphology gradient which is set on the morphologic eroding and dilating. Different kind of morphology gradient can detect image＇s edge information which will rebuild ideal image edge. The simulation results show that the arithmetic can get ideal image edge information in noise image, among which the performance of anti - noise is obviously better than the classical operator detection arithmetic, and this kind of arithmetic is improved which is better than classical single operator arithmetic in the aspect of detection precision as well.