小儿麻疹78例流行特点及临床分析

Epidemiology and clinical analysis of 78 children measles cases

目的了解近年来麻疹临床及流行特点,探讨小儿麻疹防治新思路,以有效预防和早期控制麻疹的发生。方法对我院儿科2005年8月至2006年5月10个月间住院并诊断为麻疹的78例患儿进行流行病学统计及实验室检查结果、并发症及治疗转归分析。结果发病高峰在春季,尤其是3月份,流行时间长,8个月以下未到初免婴儿发病率高,并发症多,主要并发症为支气管肺炎,预后好。结论为控制麻疹发病的上升趋势,疫苗接种月龄应提前,流行病期间婴幼儿应加强被动免疫。

Objective To analyse the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of children measles in recent years, and discuss some new insights of prevention and control of children measles, in ordor to control this disease earlier and more effectively. Methods Clinical data of 78 hospitalized childen with measles were reviewed and made epidemiological and clinical analysis data, included epidemiological characteristics, laboratory examination results,complication, prognosis. Results The peak onset time often occurred in spring, especially during March,always had a long epidemiological time,the children from the age of 8 months to first vaccination had higher incidence rate, also had more complications and better prognosis, main complications were bronchopneumonia. Conclusion To better control ascending trends of children measles, the time of first vaccination should be brought forward ,and the passive immunity should be strengthened during epidemic period.