安徽淮北平原井灌几个问题的探讨

Several Problems of Well-irrigation in North Huaihe River Plain of Anhui Province

安徽淮北平原宜井灌溉面积占总耕地面积近80%。从该区井灌水量平衡分析入手,指出在一般干旱年份(P=75%)淮北平原井灌区的灌溉率(可灌面积/耕地面积)仅为54%左右,即使考虑短期超采,缺水率仍达23%;由于存在2类不均匀系数,井灌的实际可开采程度只有可开采地下水资源量的70%左右,考虑这一因素的影响,对井灌区的地下水资源量进行了校核,结果表明对于一次灌溉而言井灌区的地下水实际可开采量大于灌溉需水量,完全能满足灌溉开采的需求;同时,推荐了该区合理的机井数量、布井方式及井点密度,并就井灌工程建设和地下水的开发利用提出了几点建议。

Suitable well-irrigation is about 80% of the total farmland area in north Huaihe River plain of Anhui province. Starting from the analysis of water balance of well irrigation region in this area, the paper points out that the irrigating guarantee rate（effective irrigation area/farmland area） of well irrigated region in north Huaihe River plain is only about 54 % in generally dry year（P= 75% ）, and the water lacking rate still achieve 23% in view of short-term overdraft. On account of the existence of two types of nonuniform coefficient, actual exploitation degree of well irrigation is only about 70 % of the permissible exploitation volume of groundwater. Considering this influencing factor, we drew this conclusion that indicate for one irrigation actual exploitation quantity of well irrigation region is more than irrigation water requirements on the basis of checking the groundwater resources amount of well irrigation region, and it meets the requirement of groundwater exploitation for irrigation. Meanwhile, it recommends reasonable well quantity, pattern shape, and pattern density in the area, and gives some advice on well irrigation project and groundwater exploitation and development.