早期自然流产孕妇生活环境中的危险因素

Risk Factors in the Living Environment of Early Spontaneous Abortion Pregnant Women

目的探讨早孕期生活环境中可能会引发早期自然流产的危险因素。方法采用问卷调查的方式,分析比较了200例在我院诊断为早期自然流产的妇女(病例组)和200例生育正常婴儿的妇女(对照组)早孕期间的生活环境情况。结果单因素分析显示,病例组平均每周看电视在10h以上,使用电脑在45h以上,经常使用复印机、微波炉和手机,生活环境附近有高压线等电磁辐射装置,有排放污染气体的工厂,有持续10个月以上噪音,孕期或孕前半年家庭或工作场所采用挥发异味材料进行过装修,有胚胎停育史和孕期情绪紧张的比例均显著高于对照组(P均<0.05);其中,病例组随装修异味时间的延长,发生早期自然流产的危险度增加。多因素分析显示,经常使用微波炉、手机,接触装修材料异味3个月以上,情绪紧张,有早期自然流产史等5种因素可显著增加早期自然流产的相对危险性(P均<0.05)。结论经常使用微波炉、手机,接触装修材料,情绪紧张,有早期自然流产史等5种因素可能是导致早期自然流产的危险因素。

Objective To study the relationship between early spontaneous abortion and living environment, and explore the risk factors of spontaneous abortion. Methods We conducted analysis based on the interview of 200 spontaneous abortion cases and the matched control （age ± 2 years） by using multifactor Logistic regression analysis. Results The proportions of watching TV ≥ 10 hours/week, operating computer ≥ 45 hours/week, using copycat, microwave oven and mobile phone, electromagnetism equipment near the dwell or work place, e.g. switch room ≤ 50 m and launching tower ≤ 500 m in the cases are significantly higher than those in the controls in single factor analysis （ all P 〈 0.05 ）. After adjusted the effect of other risk factors by multifactor analysis, using microwave oven and mobile phone, contacting abnormal smell of fitment material ≥ 3 months, having emotional stress during the first term of pregnancy and spontaneous abortion history were significantly associated with risk of spontaneous abortion. The odds ratios of these risk factors were 2.23 and 4.63, respectively. Conclusion Using microwave oven and mobile phone, contacting abnormal smell of fitment material ≥ 3 months, having emotional stress during the first term of pregnancy, and spontaneous abortion history are risk factors of early spontaneous abortion.