人乳头瘤病毒治疗性疫苗研究进展

Advances in Human Papillomavirus Therapeutic Vaccine

人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染引起的疾病流行广泛,但现有治疗手段有限。尽管HPV预防性疫苗即将在世界范围内推广,但从中受益还需数十年时间,而且对于已感染HPV且出现病变的患者,预防性疫苗作用不大。HPV治疗性疫苗主要是针对已感染HPV的患者,其类型有病毒/细菌载体疫苗、肽疫苗、蛋白疫苗、DNA疫苗、细胞疫苗等。

Human papillomavirus （HPV） infection is very common but with limited therapies available. Although the prophylactic vaccination will be promoted worldwide soon, it can only show its benefits decades later. For individuals who already have established infections and dysplasias, it has little efficacy. In contrast, the therapeutic vaccines bridge the temporal deficit by fighting against the established HPV infections and HPV-related diseases. HPV oncogenes may be delivered in viral and bacterial vectors, in peptides or protein, in nucleic acid form, or in cell-based vaccines. This review summarizes the clinical trials of HPV therapeutic vaccines under the way and the different preclinical research strategies that are under investigations.