骨龄评估及其与运动的相关性

Bone age assessment and its correlation with exercise

目的:对骨龄的评价方法,运动对骨龄的作用及影响进行综述。资料来源:应用计算机检索维普资讯、CNKI数据库及手工检索1989-01/2007-02期间的相关文献。中文检索词包括"骨龄","运动","体育锻炼","青少年";英文检索词有"skeletal age","movement","physical training","bone age"。资料选择:共收集到相关文献397篇,阅读全部文章的文题和大部分文章的摘要。选择文献所述内容与运动对骨龄的作用及影响相关的文献。排除重复性研究。资料提炼:共得到符合纳入条件的文献129篇,排除268篇。选择其中32篇进行分析,英文17篇,中文15篇。资料综合:目前,国际上普遍采用G-P图谱法和TW2计分法评价骨龄,但这两种方法都不完全适合中国儿童青少年。在20世纪90年代,国家体委在TW2法的基础上提出了一套中国人的骨发育等级标准——CHN计分法。2006年,张绍岩等参照TW3方法,以百分位数法分别制订了TW3-C RUS、TW3-C腕骨、RUS-CHN骨龄标准,称为《中国人手腕骨发育标准-中华05》,在这种评价法中,虽然考虑到一些因素的影响,但其调查对象均为城市汉族正常青少儿,然而,诸多因素如种族、遗传、性别、疾病、营养、体育锻炼、情绪波动、生活习惯等,均可影响全身发育和内分泌器官机能,从而影响骨骼发育。此外,地理环境不同,居民饮食结构、质量及生活习惯等亦不同,进而会引起各地区人群发育的差异。结论:由于骨的发育会受到多因素的影响,有些因素还互相影响、互相干扰,因此,在实际工作中,应充分考虑到诸多因素对骨龄评价的影响;同时,由于骨龄标准的时限性,一般认为骨龄标准最好每10～15年修正一次;并制定本地区、本民族人群的骨龄标准。

OBJECTIVE： To summarize the bone age assessment and the effect of sports on bone age. DATA SOURCES： A computer-based online search of VIP information and CNKI database and manual search were undertaken for related articles published between January 1989 and February 2007 with the Chinese keywords of ＂bone age, movement, physical training, young people＂ and English keywords of ＂skeletal age, movement, physical training, bone age＂. STUDY SELECTION： Altogether 397 related articles were collected, and the topics of all articles and abstract of majority of articles were read through. The articles contained the content about the effect of movement on bone age were selected, and duplicated researches were removed. DATA EXTRACTION： 129 met the inclusive cnteria, and 268 were eliminated. Finally, 32 were selected for analysis including 17 in English, and 15 in Chinese. DATA SYNTHESIS： At present, bone age is commonly determined by Greulich-Pyle method and Tanner-Whitehowse （TW2） method, but they are not very appropriate for Chinese children and teenagers. In 1990＇s, State Physical Culture and Sports Commission put forward Chinese Wrist Bone Maturation Standard, namely CHN method. In 2006, Zhang et a/formulated TW3-C RUS, TW3-C carpal bone, RUS-CHN cnteda, namely Chinese Wrist Bone Maturation Standard （China 05） based on TW3 method. In this assessment, although there are some influential factors, the subjects are all urban normal teenagers of Han; however, many factors such as race, heredity, sex, disease, nutrition, physical training, emotional fluctuation, life habit, etc could influence the whole body development and functions of endocrine organs and finally influence skeletal development. Additionally, different geographical environment, structures and qualities of life diet and life habits lead to the differences in the development of various regions. CONCLUSION： Because bone growth is influenced by various factors, and there is mutual influence and mutua disturbance between some factors, therefore, in practical work, we should fully consider these effects of the factors on bone age assessment; At the same time, due to the time limit of bone age standard, it is necessary to revise the criteria every 10-15 years according to the bone age standards of each region and race.