免疫细胞和免疫分子与过度训练

Immunocyte,immune molecule and excessive training

学术背景:从运动训练与免疫几十年的研究成果来看,运动训练所导致运动员机体免疫机能变化的相关研究虽有一定的理论根据,但仍不深入。在运动训练中由于训练方法和手段的安排不合理、强度和密度的不当,所导致的过度训练现象日益增多,并由此所引发的一系列运动性疾病给运动员带来极为不利的后果。目的:探讨过度训练所引起的免疫系统的变化,为合理的调整训练计划提供免疫学根据。检索策略:该论文的研究人员应用计算机检索维普期刊网、http://61.139.67.149:1010/,中国知网1994-01/2006-12期间的相关文献。所用中文检索词包括"免疫细胞,免疫分子,过度训练";英文检索词有"Excessively trains,Immunity cell,Immunitymember"。共检索到近600篇文献。纳入标准:①具有原创性,论点论据可靠的试验文章。②观点明确,分析全面的文章。③文献主体内容与此课题联系紧密的文章。排除标准:实验设计不合理的文章及观点模糊的综述的相关分析,从中选定了290篇符合标准的文章。文献评价:文献的来源主要是通过对过度训练过程中所出现的一系列病症进行循症医学系统查询,通过对相关病症案例和前人研究结果的汇总分析,以此确定相关研究的群体和研究内容。资料综合:通过对所搜集到的600篇论文进行分类综述,并将相近和相似种类归为一个种属的方法,从中对290多篇相关论文所出具的观点和案例情况进行分析和探讨,确定相关主题、主要研究内容和论文论据。结论:过度训练后将引起免疫细胞和免疫分子的一系列的病证,属于免疫缺陷病的种属,并且由于过度训练的反应,也将引起机体内脏系统、骨骼肌系统和内分泌系统等一些相关病症,在此病症的影响下,机体的免疫机能将发生一些免疫机制的改变,从而使运动员成为易感人群,增加其机体感染病毒的机率,身体免疫力下降,最后将影响到成绩的提高和发挥。

BACKGROUND： Judging from several tens years of research results of training and immunity, researches on athlete immune function changes due to movement training have certain theoretical basis, but these are not deep. In movement training, overtraining becomes more and more gradually, because of unreasonable training methods, intensity and density, which would lead to extremely disadvantageous consequence for athletes after a sedes of movement disease. OBJECTIVE： To discuss the immune change induced by overtraining and provide immunologic basis for adjusting regular plan. RETRIEVE STRATEGY： Vip database, http：//61.139.67.149：1010/,http-www.cnki.net, were undertaken to identify the relevant articles published from January 1994 to December 2006 with the Chinese key words of “immunocyte, immuno molecular, overtraining” and English key words of ＂Excessively trains,Immunity cell,Immunity member＂. Totally 600 articles were retrieved. Inclusive criteria included （~original articles with reliable argument and evidence, ~articles with clear viewpoint and an-round analysis, and ③main contents of the articles were closely connected with this problem. Exclusive criteria included articles with unreasonable design and reviews with indefinite viewpoint. Totally 290 articles met the inclusive criteria were included. LITERATURE EVALUATION： The literatures were collected by inquinng evidence-based medicine （EBM） of some diseases in the process of overtraining. Relevant research population and research content were identified by analyzing relevant cases and former research results. DATA SYNTHESIS： The collected 600 articles were classified and reviewed, and then the articles with similar contents were classified into the same kind. 290 relevant articles were analyzed and explored to define relevant topic, main research content and article evidence. CONCLUSION： Overtraining can arouse a series of diseases of immunocytes and immune molecules, which belong to immunologic deficiency disease. Moreover, overtraining also can cause relevant diseases in internal organ, skeletal muscular system and endocrine system. Under the effect of these diseases, the change of immunologic mechanism will occur, so athletes will become susceptible population, showing the increased probability of viral infection, decrease of immunity, and finally achievement can be affected.