脐血干细胞移植治疗脑卒中的研究现状

Present study on umbilical cord blood stem cells transplantation for stroke

学术背景:目前传统的方法无法从根本上改善脑卒中后所造成的神经功能缺损,欲达到理想的恢复还赖于脑功能的重建。近年研究发现,脐血干细胞在特定诱导条件下可分化为神经细胞,修复受损的神经。目的:总结脐血干细胞移植治疗脑卒中的研究进展。检索策略:由第一作者应用计算机检索PubMed数据库与万方数据库1995/2007年期间相关文献,检索词为"cordbloodstemcells,Stroke,脐血干细胞,脑卒中",并手工查阅相关书籍。对资料进行初审,选择脐血干细胞研究及采用脐血干细胞移植治疗脑卒中的研究,排除综述及重复文献。共检索到50篇相关文献。文献评价:选择其中的31篇,文献的来源主要是脐血干细胞研究及采用脐血干细胞移植治疗脑卒中的动物及基础实验研究。资料综合:脐血干细胞具有自我更新、增殖和多向分化潜能,在合适诱导下可分化为神经细胞。研究表明,脐血干细胞在体外诱导及体内移植能生成神经样细胞,能表达神经元表达神经元特异性标志物nestin、NF-M、NeuN、MAP2等。脐血干细胞治疗脑卒中在动物及实验研究基础上已取得了较大成就,但仍存在许多问题,细胞体外培养中分化增值的调控机制不十分清楚,临床研究报道甚少,诱导生成的神经细胞存活的时间、能否跟正常神经细胞一样发挥功能等,待进一步探讨。结论:用来源丰富、免疫排斥概率小的脐血干细胞治疗多发的脑卒中,具有明显的优越性,为脑血管疾病患者神经功能的恢复带来新的希望。

BACKGROUND： The traditional way is not enough to improve the nerve damage caused by stroke. To achieve the desired recovery we also depend on the brain function reconstruction. Researchers have found that cord blood stem cells in specific conditions induced differentiate into nerve cells to repair damaged nerves. OBJECTIVE： To summarize the progress of umbilical cord blood stem cells transplantation in the treatment of stroke. RETRIEVE STRATEGY： Relative articles during the period from 1995 to 2007 were searched on the PubMed and Wanfang database by the first author with the key words of ＂cord blood stem cells, stroke＂ in Chinese and English and manual access to the relevant books. Data were preliminarily screened for the selection of the literature, choosing articles on cord blood stem cell research and the use of umbilical cord blood stem cell transplantation in the treatment of stroke, eliminating duplication and reviewed literatures. A total of 50 relevant literatures were retrieved. LITERATURE EVALUATION： The 31 articles were selected. The literature was the main source of cord blood stem cell research and the use of umbilical cord blood stem cell transplantation in the treatment of stroke in animal experiments and research. DATA SYNTHESIS： Umbilical cord blood stem cells with self-renewal, proliferation and multi-directional differentiation potential, in appropriate induced condition can be differentiated into nerve cells. The study shows that umbilical cord blood stem cells in vitro and in vivo transplantation can generate nerve-like cells and express neuronal expression of neuron-specific marker such as nestin, NF-M, NeuN, MAP2 and so on. Greater achievements have been made to treat stroke in animal and experimental study, but many problems still exist. The control mechanism of differentiation of cells cultured in vitro is not very clear. Clinical studies have reported little. Survival time of the formation of nerve cells, function of normal nerve-like cell deserve further study. CONCLUSION：With abundant sources, the small probability of immune rejection of the cord blood stem cell therapy for stroke has obvious advantages. It brings new hope for patients with cerebrovascular disease in nerve function.