烟区烟草根际与非根际土壤微生物的生态因子作用分析

Soil ecosystem indexes interrelationships between rhizophere and non-rhizophere of Nanyang tabacco growing area

烟草根际和非根际土壤的理化性质、微生物区系和土壤酶之间的相互关系尚缺乏系统研究。对南阳烟区6种土壤包括黄褐土和黄棕壤等共13个取样点的烟草根际和非根际土壤的分析表明,根际与非根际微生物之间没有对应相关关系。根际土壤真菌数与解钾菌数、硝化细菌数显著正相关;非根际土壤荧光假单胞菌数与细菌芽孢数极显著正相关,氨化细菌数与放线菌数显著负相关。与土壤容重和空隙度显著相关的仅有根际真菌数(正相关)。与土壤全氮呈显著正相关的分别有根际荧光假单胞菌、纤维素分解菌(正相关)以及根际解磷菌和非根际真菌(负相关)。土壤全C与根际细菌总数显著负相关。土壤pH与非根际纤维素分解菌显著正相关。速效P与非根际放线菌数呈显著正相关。根际土壤蛋白酶活性与根际细菌总数极显著负相关。非根际土壤蛋白酶活性则分别与非根际放线菌和解钾菌显著正相关。根际土壤脲酶活性分别与根际真菌、解磷菌显著正相关,非根际脲酶活性则与非根际纤维分解菌显著正相关。非根际土壤过氧化氢酶活性与非根际细菌总数显著正相关。

The interrelationships of the soil physics and chemical characters, microflora, and soil enzymes in rhizophere and non-rhizophere soil of tabacco had not been systematically explored. Present research showed that microbes in tobacco rhizophere and non-rhizophere soil of 6 soil types and 13 samples from Nanyang tobacco growing area had not any corresponding relationships. The numbers of rhizophere soil fungi, K-hydrolyzed bacteria, and nitrobacteria had a positive correlation, respectively. The numbers of Pseudomonasfluorescens, bacteria spores in non-rhizophere soil had a positive correlation, while a negative correlation was between ammonifying bacteria and actinomycete. Only the numbers of rhizophere soil fungi had a correlation with soil bulk density and （positive correlation）. The numbers of Pseudomonas fluorescens, and cellulolytic bacteria in rhizophere soil （positive correlation）, and P-hydrolyzed bacteria in rhizophere soil, and fungi in non-rhizophere soil （negative correlation） had a correlation with soil total N, respectively, The numbers of rhizophere bacteria had a negative correlation with soil total C. There was a positive correlation between the numbers of cellulolytic bacteria in non-rhizophere soil and soil pH, and between the numbers of actinomycete in non-rhizophere soil and soil activity P, respectively. In rhizophere soil proteases activity had a positive correlation with the numbers of bacteria, otherwise in non-rhizophere soil proteases activity had a positive correlation with the numbers of actinomycete, and K-hydrolyzed bacteria, respectively. In rhizophere soil urease activety had a positive correlation with the numbers of fungi and P-hydrolyzed bacteria, respectively, in the orther hand, in non-rhizophere soil urease activety had a positive correlation with the numbers of celluiolytic bacteria. Catalase activety had a positive correlation with the numbers of bacteria in non-rhizophere soil.