NiO纳米晶的制备及结构研究

Preparation and structure of NiO nanocrystalline

采用溶胶-凝胶（sol-gel）技术制备氧化镍粉体，考察烧结条件对NiO粉体的组成、结构和形貌的影响。研究结果表明，以醋酸镍、柠檬酸和水为原料在一定温度下合成了稳定的溶胶和凝胶，凝胶在400℃左右基本分解完全，逐渐形成NiO纳米晶，随着烧结温度的升高，纳米NiO晶粒尺寸逐渐增大，晶型趋于完整且晶粒大小分布均匀。600℃烧结2h获得NiO粉体的颗粒尺寸52nm，晶型较好且无杂相存在，有望成为高性能锂离子电池的阳极材料。

NiO powder was prepared by sol-gel process and the influence of sintering temperature on its composition, structure and morphology was explored. The research results show that the stable sol and gel are synthesized through nickel diacetate and citric acid in H2O solution. The gel completely decomposes at 400℃ and gradually forms the NiO nanocrystalline powder. With the increasing of sintering temperature, nanosized NiO particle will become larger, the crystal structure will be more integrity and the grain size more uniformity. The NiO nanocrystalline sintered at 600℃ for 2h exhibits perfect crystal structure with about 50nm particle size and no Ni impurity phase. This results indicate the NiO nano-powder is promising as high performance anode material for lithium ion battery.