基于微遗传算法的超宽带天线(阵)优化

UWB Antenna Optimization Using Micro-genetic Algorithm

为满足天线的不同设计要求,提高设计效率,采用时域有限差分法(FDTD),并与微遗传算法(MGA)结合,用于超宽带天线的优化设计.分析表明,用微遗传算法比遗传算法收敛快.以TEM喇叭天线为例证明了该方法的有效性.用FDTD分析了超宽带电磁脉冲经同轴线馈电在平行板传输线和超宽带天线中的传输过程,得到了天线的时域信息.由天线的时域信息计算天线的性能参数,再用归一化的性能参数构造适应度函数,最后用微遗传算法优化天线结构.

To meet different designing requirements and improve the efficiency of antenna design, a new method, finite-difference time-domain method （FDTD） combined with a micro-genetic algorithm （MGA） , was proposed for design of ultra-wide band （UWB） antennae. An analysis shows that MGA makes an optimization converges faster than a genetic algorithm （GA） does. As an example, a TEM horn antenna was analyzed to show the feasibility of the new method. The processes of the radiation in the parallel-plate transmission line and in the TEM horn antenna were obtained with FDTD, where an UWB electromagnetic pulse was fed through a coaxial transmission line. The information about the antenna in time domain was also acquired. The performance parameters were calculated based on the acquired information, and followed by normalization. The normalized performance parameters were used to set up a fitness function, and the physical structure of the antenna was then optimized with the MGA.