全国城市中小学生焦虑情绪流行病学调查

Epidemiologic study of anexity state in adolescents in China

目的调查分析我国城市中小学生焦虑性情绪倾向的患病率和分布特征,探讨其与肠易激综合征(IBS)的关系。方法采用多级整群随机抽样方法,对我国6个省及2个直辖市中51 956名中小学生进行流行病学问卷调查。结果被调查人群中有26.75%的人有焦虑性情绪倾向。其中男性为21.78%,女性为31.93%,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);在儿童焦虑性情绪筛查表(SCARED)5个领域的分值比较中,IBS倾向学生高于非IBS倾向学生;因IBS症状就诊的学生高于未就诊学生(均P<0.01)。结论焦虑性情绪倾向患病率随年龄的增长而上升;良好的家庭环境和学校教育能够有效降低焦虑程度。精神心理因素在IBS发病中起重要作用。

Objective To explore the prevalence and distribution characteristics of anxiety state, and investigate its relationship with irritable bowel syndrome （IBS） among adolescents in China. Methods A stratified, randomized study by cluster sampling was em- ployed, and 51 956 students from high and primary schools in 6 provinces and 2 municipalites of China were recruited to fulfill a questionnaire. Results The prevalence of anxiety state was 26.75%. The proportion was 21.78% in males and 31.93% in females, with a significant difference between the genders（P 〈 0.01 ）. IBS students reported higher scores than non-IBS students on all the 5 subscales of screen for child anxiety related emotional disorders （ SCARED）. IBS students with health seeking also reported higher scores on all the SCARED subscales than IBS students with no health seeking（P 〈 0.01 for both）. Conclusion The prevalence of anxiety state increases with age. Favourable family and school environments may help to decrease the anxiety of adolescents. Emotional factors play an important role in the morbidity of IBS.