新型互穿网络超大孔水凝胶的制备、性能及表征

Preparation, properties and characterization of the novel superporous IPN hydrogels

以丙烯酸、丙烯酰胺为基体，以乙烯基吡咯烷酮为预聚体，利用新型两步聚合法和发泡技术，制备了聚（丙烯酸．丙烯酰胺），聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮互穿网络超大孔水凝胶．采用差示扫描量热法（DSC）、红外光谱（FT-IR）和扫描电镜（SEM）等分析技术对所得水凝胶进行了表征，并研究了水凝胶的溶胀行为和凝胶强度．实验结果表明：该水凝胶具有相互连通的孔结构，溶胀行为在几分钟内即可完成；以新型两步法制备的互穿网络结构（IPN），大大提高了超大孔水凝胶的强度，新型两步法是制备IPN的有效方法之一．

With acrylic acid （AA） and acrylamide （AM） as matrix, N-Vinylpyrrolidone （NVP） as prepolymer, P（AA-co-AM）/PVP superporous IPN hydrogel was prepared by the novel two-step polymerization and foaming technique. Differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）, infrared spectra （FT-IR） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） were used to characterize the superporous IPN hydrogels （SPIHs）, the swelling action and the mechanical property were studied. The result showed that the prepared superporous IPN hydrogels （SPIHs） possessed interconnecting porous structure, which makes hydrogel can swelling to equilibrium in a few minutes; the IPN structure made by the novel two-step polymerization can improve the mechanical properties of SPIHs and the novel two-step polymerization is one of the methods to make IPN structure effectively.