伪装遮障的雷达散射截面新模型

New model of radar cross-secession for camouflage screen

散射型防雷达伪装遮障依靠其对微波的强散射和低透过作用实现对军事目标的伪装。在遮障材料几乎不吸收微波的情况下，强散射与低透过是相辅相成的。不过就军事目标的隐身而言，真正理想的遮障应该对微波具有低散射和低透过的特性，这意味着微波吸收性能对理想遮障的不可或缺。分析了遮障的散射、吸收和透射作用对其雷达散射截面的影响，讨论用现有吸波材料构造理想遮障的可行性。根据分析，遮障面所用材料的吸波性能、遮障本身结构形成的对入射微波的均匀散射以及遮障对透射微波的传播方式的影响都是理想遮障的必要条件。其中，在计算遮障的雷达散射截面时考虑其透射微波的分布是本文的特点。适当的遮障结构能够导致其透射微波在空间的弥散，从而大大降低目标的回波信号，因而十分有利于达成理想的伪装效果。

Scatter-type screen weakens target signals by its low microwave transmission. With no microwave absorbing effect, low transmission results in high dispersion effect which makes the screen distinct. Therefore, ideal screen should obtain both low transmission and low dispersion, which means the necessary of microwave absorption for screen. A new model of radar cross-secession for screens is put forward in this paper to simultaneously take into account of absorption, transmission, dispersion effects of the screen. The dispersion effect of screen on the transmitted field is especially addressed, which is of great importance in understanding experimental data and in design ideal camouflage screen.