1997-2006年息烽县传染病流行趋势分析

Epidemic Trend of Infectious Diseases in Xifeng County From 1997 to 2006

目的分析息烽县传染病流行状况,为今后制定防制措施提供科学依据。方法收集息烽县1997-2006年法定报告传染病疫情资料,用描述性流行病学的方法进行统计分析。结果1997-2006年全县共报告甲、乙类传染病21种6786例,死亡42人。年平均发病率为281.27/10万,死亡率为1.74/10万,病死率为0.62%。发病率居前3位的是肺结核、痢疾和病毒性肝炎,分别为135.41/10万、55.42/10万和51.31/10万,是息烽县传染病发病的主要病种。呼吸道传染病年平均发病率为141.09/10万,居各类传染病的首位;肠道传染病年平均发病率为92.80/10万,居各类传染病的第2位;自然疫源性及虫媒传播疾病其发病率在4.47/10万～25.90/10万之间波动;血源及性传播传染病其发病率在19.10/10万～71.10/10万之间波动;新生儿破伤风年平均发病率为0.27/10万。结论10年间息烽县肠道传染病有较大幅度的下降,呼吸道传染病大幅度上升,肺结核发病构成维持在相当高的水平。血源及性传播传染病一直处于较低水平,但发病率呈上升趋势。

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of infectious diseases,so as to prevent and control the diseases scientifically in Xifeng County in the future.Method Data of notifiable infectious diseases in Xifeng County from 1997 to 2006 were collected and its epidemic characteristics was studied by descriptive epidemiologic methods.Results 1997-2006,the county altogether reported 21 kinds,6 786 cases,including 42 deaths of the A and B class infectious diseases,of which the annual mean incidence rate was 281.27/105,the mortality rate was 1.74/105,and the case fatality rate was 0.62%.In the past decade,being the first three main infectious diseases,pulmonary tuberculosis,dysentery,and virus hepatitis engendered the incidence rate of 135.41/105,55.42/105 and 51.31/105 respectively.Respiratory tract infectious disease occupied the first place of each kind of infectious disease by the annual mean incidence rate of 141.09/105,while intestinal tract infectious disease occupied the 2nd by 92.80/105.The incidence rate of natural focal disease and the insect-borne infectious disease undulated between 4.47/105 and 25.90/105.The morbidity rate of blood and sex transmitted infections fluctuated between 19.10/105 and 71.10/105.The annual mean incidence rate of neonatal tetanus was 0.27/105.Conclusion In the past decade,in Xifeng County,intestinal tract infectious disease has descended significantly,while the respiratory tract infectious disease ascended large number.Pulmonary tuberculosis morbidity maintains at the quite high level.The incidence rate of blood and sex transmitted infections are in the low level continuously,but have the trend of escalation.