日常语言哲学视域中的语用学

A Study of Pragmatics from the Perspective of Ordinary-language Philosophy

日常语言哲学的产生促进了语用学研究的发展与繁荣。日常语言学派主要代表人物维特根斯坦后期的语言游戏说重新定位了语言的性质和功能,使用语用分析的方法来理解语言使用的多样性,使对语言的分析转向语用层面;奥斯汀从行为角度阐释人类语言交流活动,其开创的言语行为理论成为现代语用学理论的基石;塞尔继承发展了言语行为理论并提出意向性理论;格赖斯对意义的区分及会话含意理论的提出使"语用推理"和"语用逻辑"成为当代语用学研究的重要领域。

Ordinary-language philosophy makes the study of pragmatics prosperous. As the main representatives of ordinary-language philosophy, Wittgenstein＇s linguistic-game theory redefined the nature and function of language, employed the method in pragmatics to analyze the diversity of language use and turned language analysis to the pragmatic phase; Austin＇s speech act theory made a solid basis for modern pragmatics; Searle further developed speech act theory and put forward the theory of intentionality; Grice＇s cooperative principle and conversational implicature made ＂pragmatic inference＂ and ＂pragmatic logic＂ become important research subjects in modern pragmatics.