我国优秀女子三级跳远运动员助跑最后两步与起跳速度特征的研究

Velocity characteristics of last two steps in approach and takeoff of elite female triple jumpers in China

助跑与起跳重心水平速度对三级跳远成绩具有决定性作用;与世界优秀运动员相比,我国运动员在助跑最后两步离地瞬间重心水平速度和垂直速度呈递减趋势,重心水平速度较小,但在单足跳离地瞬间垂直速度较高,导致了过大的腾起角。

Based on literature study, kinematics and mathematical statistics, this paper studied the velocity characteristics of the last two steps in approach and takeoff of the Chinese elite female triple jumpers. The results were as follows： the horizontal velocity of the gravity center of approach and takeoff played a decisive role in their performance. Compared with the world elite athletes, the horizontal and vertical velocity of the gravity center of their last two steps was declining. Furthermore, their vertical and velocity at the instant of takeoff was overgreat, which led to overgreat takeoff angle.