民间体育、传统体育、民俗体育、民族体育的概念及其关系辨析

Concepts and mutual relations of sports in folk,traditional sports,folk sports and minority sports

研究认为,民间体育是指存在于广大民众的日常生活当中,没有高度组织化、制度化的体育活动;传统体育是指人类业已创造的和将要创造的能够经由历史凝聚而传承、流变的一种特殊的体育文化形态;民俗体育是由一定民众所创造,为一定民众所传承和享用,并融入和依附于民众日常生活的风俗习惯(如节日、礼仪等等)之中的一种集体性、模式化、传统性、生活化的体育活动,它既是一种体育文化,也是一种生活文化;民族体育是民族传统体育,它是反映并承载着一个民族共同心理素质的为该民族所传承和享用的一种特殊的传统体育文化,中华民族体育、少数民族体育都是民族体育的一种具体表现形式。它们之间的关系是:民间体育由传统体育和非传统体育组成,传统体育又可分为民俗体育和民族体育,民俗体育和民族体育互有交叉,但两者并不等同,而是并列的关系。

This paper holds that folk sports exist in everyday life such as holidays and rituals. They are not highly organized activities. Traditional sports refer to special cultural forms that come from the history of the human beings,created or to be created. They can reflect the common psychology of a nation and are seen in the everyday life. Folk sports comprise traditional and non-traditional sports. Traditional sports are composed by folk sports and minority sports. Folk sports and ethnic sports are inter-related.