微乳状液膜与乳状液膜分离废水中Cr(Ⅵ)的对比研究

The comparison of Cr(Ⅵ) separation efficiency between microemulsion liquid membrane and emulsion liquid membrane

利用正交优化试验所得最优配比方案,以三正辛胺(TOA)、仲辛醇和磷酸三丁酯(TBP)为载体,Span-80为表面活性剂,正丁醇为助表面活性剂,煤油为膜溶剂制备微乳状液膜;以TOA、仲辛醇、TBP为载体,酸性兰-113为表面活性剂,煤油为膜溶剂制备乳状液膜。通过单因素扩大试验比较了微乳状液膜与乳状液膜对废水中Cr(Ⅵ)的分离效果。结果表明,在相同条件下微乳状液膜对Cr(Ⅵ)具有更高的分离率。随着乳液用量的减少,微乳状液膜对Cr(Ⅵ)的分离率下降不明显,而乳状液膜对Cr(Ⅵ)的分离率明显下降,说明微乳状液膜具有更好的稳定性。

On basis of the optimal program from orthogonal experiment, the microemulsion liquid membrane and emulsion liquid membrane were prepared with tributylphosphate （ TBP）, secondary octyl alcohol, triotylamine （TOA） as carriers, Span-80（or Acid Blue-113） as surfactant, butanol as cosurfactant（or without use of cosurfactant）, and kerosene as solvent. The comparison were drawn through a single factor extension experiment between the Cr（Ⅵ） separation efficiency of microemulsion liquid membrane and emulsion liquid membrane. The results showed that the microemlsion liquid membrane got higher Cr（Ⅵ ） separation efficiency under the same conditions including agitating time, standing time,ratio of membrane to water, and pH in external water and so on. Besides, with the decrease of quantity of emulsified mixture, the efficiency of microemulsion liquid membrane decrease slightly, while that of emulsion liquid membrane decrease significantly, which also indicated the stability of microemulsion liquid membrane.