环糊精在环境治理中的应用研究进展

Literature review on the uses of cyclodextrins in environmental control applications

环糊精及其衍生物由于具有一定大小的低极性空腔结构,能够包合多种低极性有机物,形成主客体包合物。这种包合物的形成可以增加有机物的水溶性和促进其被微生物的分解利用;可以改变有机物的物理化学特性,促进其在光化学和芬顿体系中的降解;可以在去除有机物的同时,去除Cd2+等无机物;此外,环糊精还可以用来制成环境友好材料,吸除空气和水中污染物。

Many low-polarity persistent organic pollutants （POPs） are readily adsorbed on cyclodextrins due to their unique structure of low-polarity cavities of appropriate size. The POPs from less toxic and more soluble complexes in the adsorbed state and are finally removed by biodegradation. A modified cyclodextrin with higher water solubility is often more cost effective. The cyclodextrins or derivatives are employed to remove some POPs and inorganic pollutants （heavy metals） that may form complexes with the organic pollutants; they will be found in many more environmental control applications for removing pollutants present in air,water and soil media.