锦屏二级水电站引水隧洞岩溶水防治思想的演变

Prediction and control of karst water inflow into diversion tunnel of Jinping stage 2 hydropower station

锦屏二级水电站引水隧洞是一座高外水压力、大涌水量的岩溶越岭长隧。建设中遇到了隧道岩溶水防治世界级难题。目前引水隧洞施工在即。本文对40多年来锦屏引水隧洞涌水预测、施工地质预报、治水三方面成果和思路的演变进行了总结。强调锦屏防治水思路的历史演变是在工作中不断实践-认识-再实践-再认识的一个健康发展过程,既及时吸取了国内岩溶区越岭深隧建设的成功经验,也为我国岩溶地区隧洞施工防治水技术开发和不断发展做出了贡献。基于当前最新认识,认为只要在建设中认真开展信息化动态设计和施工,引水隧洞的顺利施工是有充分技术准备和保证的。

The diversion tunnel of Jinping Stage 2 Hydropower Station is a long and deep-lying tunnel with high external water pressure and great karst water inflow. Prediction and control of karst water will be the key problem with world-level difficulty. Geologists and engineers have been working on it for more than 40 years. The whole course and main ideas in water amount calculation, geological prediction and countermeasures of karst water inflow are reviewed. It is concluded that the work has undergone a correct process, which absorbed new techniques and experiences from other tunnel constructions in the country and more important, promoted the development of prediction and treatment techniques for deep-lying tunnel in karst area. From technological point of view, it is believed that available techniques and data are able to guarantee the tunnel construction safely and successfully as long as information-based dynamic design and construction are carried out.