两重困境:第二次柏林危机期间德美关系评析

Double Dilemma:Relations between Germany-U.S. during the Second Berlin Crisis

第二次柏林危机是冷战时期东西方关系中持续时间最长的一次纷争,这场危机不仅仅是美苏两个大国之间的对抗,它还使德美关系面临最现实和最严峻的考验。危机期间的德美关系处于战略困境和同盟困境这两重困境之中。在面临决定战争与和平的战略困境时,美国的决策起着主导作用;而在开展对苏谈判,面临考验同盟可靠性的同盟困境时,联邦德国则决定了美国可以作出让步的限度与步伐。

The Second Berlin Crisis was a dispute that its duration was the longest between East and West during the Cold War. There were many other countries which involved in this crisis, therefore, the crisis was not only a rivalry between US and Soviet, but also the relationship of German-American would be tested rigorously and realistically. The relationship of German-American during the crisis was faced with double dilemma which included strategic dilemma and alliance dilemma. When the two countries were up against strategic dilemma which related to war and peace, the policy of US would be payoff. When they were confronted with alliance dilemma in negotiation with Soviet which tested the credibility of the alliance, the concessions that US could give would decided by FRG.