贵州紫云洞和樱桃洞洞内动物的群落结构与洞穴环境关系初步研究

Correlation Study on Cave Animal's Community with Cavern Environment in Ziyun Cave and Yingtao Cave in Guizhou

2006年7月对贵州织金县紫云洞和樱桃洞洞内软体动物、节肢动物和脊索动物进行了观察和采集。在紫云洞共获标本1128号,经初步鉴定隶属于3门5纲9目22科60种;在樱桃洞共获标本563号,经初步鉴定隶属于3门8纲12目27科49种。根据两洞内各光带中动物的种类和数量组成不同,将其划分为6个群落。经群落多样性分析:物种丰富度、群落多样性、均匀度和相似性指数最高的分别是群落A(4.8975)、A(2.5312)、A(3.4657)、D(0.3180)。均匀度指数从高到低的顺序是群落F(0.8010)>D(0.7704)>E(0.7475)>A(0.7304)>C(0.7103)>B(0.7005);此外,还研究了部分环境因子与群落多样性的相关性,讨论了洞穴这一特殊生态系统中的食物网结构,并对洞穴动物资源的开发与保护进行了探讨。

In July 2007, molluse, arthropoda and chordate were collected and observed in Ziyun Cave and Yingtao Cave, Zhijin County, Guizhou Province. 1128 samples were collected in Ziyun Cave which belonged to 60 species, 22 families, 9 orders, 5 classes and 3 phyla. 563 samples were collected in Yingtao Cave which belonged to 49 species, 27 families, 12 orders, 8 classes and 3 phyla. According to the species numbers and individuals numbers, six communities were classified. According to the analysis of community diversity, the community which had the highest values of richness, diversity, evenness, dominance and similiarity index respectively was A （4. 8975 ）, A （ 2.5312 ）, A （ 3. 4657 ）, D （ 0.3180 ）. The evenness index from high to low was the community F（0. 8010） 〉 D（0.7704） 〉 E（0.7475） 〉 A（0.7304） 〉 C（0.7103） 〉 B（0. 7005）. In addition, the correlation between parts of environmental factors and community diversity were studied and the study on food web in cave was carried on as well in order to exploit and protect the cave animal resource.