四川老君山自然保护区不同生境鸟类多样性研究

Bird Communities in Different Habitats at Laojunshan Nature Reserve,Sichuan Province

2006年4～5月采用“点样带法”（point transects）对四川老君山自然保护区的鸟类物种组成和种群数量进行了调查，共记录到85种鸟类，分属7目22科。其中，国家级保护鸟类5种，我国特有种13种，优势种4种。把调查区域划分为3种生境：原始林、次生林和人工林，并对各生境鸟类群落的鸟类数量级、鸟类群落的物种多样性、鸟类群落间的相似性进行了比较分析，其结果表明：1）国家级保护鸟类在原始林中最多，次生林中最少；我国特有种则是次生林中最多，人工林中最少。2）鸟类群落Shannon-Wiener物种多样性指数原始林最高，人工林最低。3）原始林和次生林之间的Bray-Curtis相似性指数最高，原始林和人工林之间相似性指数最低。

The bird community of Laojunshan Nature Reserve, Sichuan Province was surveyed in April-May 2006 using distance sampling point counts. Surveys were conducted in three broad habitat types, primary forest, secondary forest, and replanted forest. The composition of the bird communities of these habitats were compared using EstimateS software. In total, 85 species were recorded, belonging to 22 families and 7 orders. 5 of these species are protected nationally and 13 are endemic to China. There are 4 dominant species in the reserve. The bird communities of the primary and secondary forest habitats were most similar, while those of primary and replanted forests were most dissimilar. Bird diversity was highest in primary forest and lowest in replanted forest. Primary forest contained the greatest number of nationally protected species, while secondary forest had the lowest number of protected species. Secondary forest had the most number of endemic species and the fewest number of nationally endemic species were recorded in replanted forest. It is critical to strengthen the primary forest bird community protection for the maintenance of the whole Laoiunshan Nature Reserve bird diversity.