中国毛冠鹿三亚种头骨比较分析

Differentiation of Cranial Characteristics of Three Subspecies of Tufted Deer in China

毛冠鹿在我国主要分布于西南、华中、华南区域,有三亚种(指名亚种、华中亚种、华南亚种)。为探讨各省头骨性状的差异及各省毛冠鹿亲缘关系,在选取32项较为完整的头骨测量性状的基础上,运用统计分析软件SPSS 11.0对其进行分析,结果推测如下:1)毛冠鹿3个亚种的地位是确定的。2)四川、云南所属指名亚种与重庆、湖北所属华中亚种较近,二者与广东、江西、湖南、浙江所属的华南亚种关系较远。3)在头骨32个性状中,两两亚种之间具有显著差异的性状:指名亚种与华南亚种14个(颅全长、颅基长、基长、基底长、前颌长、吻宽、鼻骨长、鼻骨宽、最小眶间距、眼窝高、腭长、前颌骨内叶长、两上颊齿最大距离、下齿列长);指名亚种与华中亚种2个(吻宽、上齿列长),华南亚种与华中亚种有19个(颅全长、颅基长、基长、基底长、前颌长、额骨长、最小眶间距、眶间宽、枕部最窄、脑颅最大宽、鼻骨宽、泪骨缝长、腭长、颧宽、前颌骨内叶长、上齿列长、两上颊齿最大距离、最小颅高、下齿列长)。

Elaphodus cephalophus is mainly distributed in southwest, middle and south China including Sichuan, Hunan, Guizhou and many other provinces. Data are obtained on 32 cranial characteristics from subspecies samples which are gathered from eight provinces. We analyzed the data with SPSSll. 0 （ multivariate analysis） to examine relationships among them. Conculusion： 1. The three groups are all valid subspecies. 2. Relationships between E. c. cephalophus and E. c. ichangensis are closer than those between each of the two subspecies and E. c. michianus. 3. Among 32 cranial characteristics, fourteen characteristics （GSL, CL, EL, SBL, DL, RB, GNL, GNW, LFB, GIOH, PL, IPL, GUTB, DTR） between E. c. cephalophus and E. c. michianu were significantly different ; two characteristics （ RB, UTR） between E. c. cephalophus and E. c. ichangensis were significantly different. Nighteen characteristics （ GSL, CL, EL, SBL, DL, GFL, LFB, OB, LOB, GBB, GNW, LSL, PL, IB, IPL, UTR, GUTB, LBH, DTR）between E. c. rnichianu and E. c. ichangensis were significantly different.