现代设计理论中的若干基本概念

SOME BASIC CONCEPTS IN MODERN DESIGN THEORY

设计理论在长期发展过程中,产生的名词、定义和概念很多,而且同一个名词常常有不同的定义和不同的理解,也就是不同的概念。现代设计理论在自己的发展中,通过对现代经济特点和制造业变化的研究,逐步赋予许多名词以新的定义和概念,它们已经成为现代设计理论发展的基础。经验告诉人们,如果各自根据不同定义来理解现代设计理论的原理,则往往会导向不同的结论,所以推动这些名词在现今条件下应有内涵的研究是十分重要的任务。着重对性能、约束、需求、特征、需求驱动以及状态等定义和概念进行了讨论,通过介绍这些定义和概念形成的背景和过程,说明它们在现代设计理论研究中新的内涵和应用。

In the long march of development of design theories, many terms have been coined for explaining their new ideas. Some times one term is used by different authors with different definitions or different means, say concepts. Other times different terms are used by different authors with the same mean or concept. It is rational and necessary for the modem design theory in the way of its growth to examine the definitions, means and concepts of all these terms. In considering the character of global economy and the change in manufacturing, some new definitions, means and concepts have been given to the terms for working with the theory and related methodology, and form a base of the development of the theory. The purpose of the paper is to summarize existed results and call further study on the definitions, means and concepts of such terms to match the state-of-the-art requirements. Insufficient in precision use of a term will occasionally lead to a different result in theoretical research. The concepts of performance, fimction, quality, constrain, requirements, features, requirement driving, state etc. studied and used previously in the modem design theory are collected and discussed.