从身份授予到契约管理——我国公立高校教师劳动制度变迁的法律透视

From status conferment to contract management——On labor institutional change for public HEls'teachers from a law perspective

教师聘任制下教师与高校之间劳动关系市场化的特征日益凸显:教师任用制度由"计划调配"转向"合同聘用",教师工资制度由"刚性工资"转向"弹性工资",社会保障及福利制度由"国家保障"转向"社会化运作"。高校与教师之间的劳动关系已由身份管理下的行政关系转变为平等的以契约为中介的劳动关系。在这一过程中,由于法律制度供给不足,劳动关系市场化的形式与其实际运作存在很大偏差,严重影响了聘任制的顺利实施。

Along with the reform of teacher employment system, the labor relation between teachers and HEIs（ Higher Education Institutes） has become more and more market-oriented. Employment system of the teachers is changing from “allocated according to the plan” into ＂employing from contracts＂; the system of teachers＇ salary transforms from ＂fixed salary＂ to ＂flexible salary＂ ; the social security and welfare system has changed from ＂state protection＂ to ＂public operation＂. The labor relation between teachers and HEIs has changed： from administrative relation managed by identification into fair labor relation estab- lished by contracts. There is great disparity between market-oriented labor relation and the reality for the inadequate support from law, which severely affects the implementation of teacher＇ employment.