筚路蓝缕异乡路:剪子湾的人口迁移(晚清—1949年)

Difficult Migration Process:Jianziwan Population Migration(Late Qing Dynasty to 1949)

剪子湾是一个非常典型的移民村庄,分析其人口变迁的过程,可为观察与研究城郊农村社会转型尤其是20世纪以来农村城市化进程,提供一个不可多得的标本。采用历史学的实证方法和社会学的田野调查,对剪子湾遗留的地契、清队登记表、口述资料展开了历史考察与成因解释,其中晚清至民国期间的人口发展与变迁是这一考察的核心。剪子湾的人口变迁由特定的经济、政治和社会诸多因素构成,是一个时间和空间上逐渐变化的过程。在来自不同方向的推力和拉力的综合作用下,大批的农民迁移到剪子湾,并由此形成了剪子湾独特的移民文化。

Jianziwan is a typical immigration village. The analysis of its population changes can provide an exceptional example for studying the social transition of suburb villages, especially the urbanization after the twentieth century. Employing empirical method and field research, this paper makes historical investigation and cause analysis of the title deed for land still remained and the roll call of purifying the class ranks in Jianziwan and the dictation material, among which the population development and changes from late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China is the focus. The elaboration aims to show that population changes in Jianziwan is caused by special economic, political and social reasons and that it is a temporal and special process： With the thrust and pull from different directions,large quantities of farmers moved to Jianziwan and formed the unique immigration culture.