我国建立行政公益代表人诉讼的法理分析

Jurisprudential Analysis of Commonweal Delegate Lawsuit in China

我国建立公益代表人诉讼,是现代社会原告诉的利益范围不断扩大的必然要求,是公权力对私权利的合理干预不断加强的必然结果。我国检察机关的法律监督权自然包含对侵犯公益的行政行为的起诉权。当然,我国检察机关行政公益监督目前亦存在诸多法理上的缺陷,比如检察机关行政公益监督立法存在模糊性和滞后性,检察机关行政化、地方化趋势可能会使检察监督流于形式,行政系统内部的层级监督和专门监督可能比检察监督更为有效,检察机关提起行政公诉可能会有碍司法公正等等。因此,通过立法直接赋予检察机关提起公益诉讼的权力是非常必要的,同时这一权力的行使必须纳入到法治化轨道。

The establishment of commonweal delegate lawsuit is the necessary requirement of the scope of interest of the plaintiff. It is also the inevitable result of reasonable intervention of public power to private right. The legal superintendence naturally includes the prosecution right to the administrative action which infringes on commonweal. However, there are some legal disfigurements in the superintendence of administrative commonweal. For example, the legislation of administrative commonweal superintendence is blurry and laggard. The trend of bureaucracy and localization makes the superintendence impossible, the layer superintendence and specialism superintendence may be more effective, which perhaps obstruct the achievement of justice. Therefore, it is necessary to empower the prosecution department of public interest litigation. Meanwhile, the operation must meet the requirement of rule of law.