孟德斯鸠与卢梭自由观的差异比较

The Comparison of the Views on Freedom Between Montesquieu and Loescher

孟德斯鸠与卢梭同为法国18世纪启蒙运动的卓越思想家,他们都关心自由,并为实现自由提出了相应的制度性的主张,但二人在自由与平等、法律与自由以及保障自由的政制等方面又相去甚远,这些又源于两人完全不同的政治立场:孟德斯鸠站在大资产阶级的立场上,主张同王权妥协、崇尚君主立宪;而卢梭则代表中小资产阶级的利益,更多从社会公正的理念出发,站在社会大众的立场上,要求政治权利。

Montesquieu and Loescher were remarkable thinkers in France in 18th century. They all were concerned about freedom and separately put forward relevant views to establish systems to achieve their goals. But their views were quite different in many ways because they were on different political stands. A comparison of their views is made in this paper.