中国稀有戏种抢救研究——以青海目连戏为例

Research of Rescuing China's Rare Dramas——an Example of Mu-lian Drama in Qinghai

稀有戏种产生于民间,是最具乡土气息、最原质的非物质文化遗产形式之一。它对于非物质文化遗产传承来说,具有非常重要的意义。文章以独具特色的青海目连戏为例,对稀有戏种抢救进行研究,提出要注重民本性、重视文本研究和与民俗相结合的原则。建议在抢救中一要提高认识,二要建立地方戏曲文化数据库,三要抢救珍贵地方戏曲文化遗产,四要建立地方戏曲文化保护名录体系,五要进行体制和机制的改革与创新,实现与时俱进。

Rare dramas, originating from the folk, is one of most valuable non - material culture heritages with the richest local flavor. It is of great impotance for the passing down of valuable non - material culture heritages. The paper makes an analysis of the rescue of the rare dramas, taking the characteristic Mu - lian drama in Qinghai as an example and puts forward that it should base on the principles of people - foremost, the combination of text study and traditional customs. It suggests we should, （1）improve our understanding, （2）set up the database of the local drama culture, （3）rescue the rare drama culture heritage, （4）set up the directory of the local drama culture reservation, （5）refoem and innovate the system to keep pace with the times.