碱式氯化镁和氧化镁晶须的制备与表征

Synthesis and Characterization of Basic Magnesium Chloride and Magnesium Oxide Whiskers

以活性氧化镁和氯化镁为原料在水热条件下合成了碱式氯化镁晶须。碱式氯化镁晶须热解后形貌保持得很好，得到氧化镁晶须。制得的晶须长度在200μm左右，直径约0．5μm。采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、热重分析仪表征碱式氯化镁和氧化镁晶须，探讨了各个工艺条件对产物的影响。实验结果表明，碱式氯化镁晶须的最佳工艺条件为：反应时间8～12h，搅拌速率初始在500r·min^-1左右，120min时调为1000r·min^-1，氧化镁与氯化镁的物质的量之比0．10～0．15，氯化镁溶液的浓度4．0mol·L^-1以上。反应温度150～200μ，反应釜的填充度50％～80％。在此条件下制得了形貌良好的碱式氯化镁晶须。

Basic magnesium chloride whiskers were prepared from active magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride by a hydrothermal method. The morphology of the products was kept well after calculation, and magnesium oxide whiskers were obtained. The whiskers prepared have a length of 200μm and a diameter of 0.5 μm. XRD, SEM and TG were employed to characterize these whiskers. The effects of each condition on the products were discussed. The results showed that the optimum conditions to prepare basic magnesium chloride whis- kers were as follows： the reaction time of 8 ~ 12 h, the stirring speed of 500 r· min^-1 at the initial and 1 000 r·min^-1 after 120 min, the molar ratio of magnesium oxide to magnesium chloride of 0.10- 0.15, the magnesium chloride concentration of 4.0 mol. L-1, the reaction temperature of 150 - 220 ℃ and the filling degree of 50% - 80%. Under the said conditions, basic magnesium chloride whiskers with good morphology were prepared.