慢性肾病病人营养模式的研究

The study on diet models for chronic renal failure

目的:探讨既能最大限度地减轻慢性肾病病人的肾负担,又能防治低蛋白饮食(LPD)造成的营养不良和营养素失调的个体化营养治疗模式。方法:选择非糖尿病肾病肾小球滤过率(GFR)下降的稳定期慢性肾病病人68例。比较普通低蛋白饮食和个体化营养治疗模式的效果。结果:普通低蛋白饮食和个体化营养模式对病人肾功能均无明显影响。普通低蛋白饮食对慢性肾病病人营养治疗前后营养状况比较发现,病人血清总蛋白(TP)和清蛋白(ALB)等营养指标水平明显下降(P<0.05);其自我感觉耐受率由35.5%下降至28.3%(P<0.05)。个体化营养模式对慢性肾病病人营养治疗前后营养状况比较发现,病人TP和ALB等营养指标水平明显上升(P<0.05);其自我感觉耐受率由35.5%上升至70.8%(P<0.01)。结论:对于慢性肾病病人的营养治疗应根据每个病人的病情,设计不同的个体化营养模式。

Objective： To investigate the effect of two different diet models for patients with chronic renal failure. Method： Sixty-eight patients with chronic renal failure were studied. They were divided to two groups by random method, general low protein diet group and personal diet group basing on the condition of different patients. The effects of two diet models were analysed. Results ： All patients in general low protein diet group and personal diet group showed no significant change （P 〉0.05） for the index of renal function （Cr-s,UA,UREA）. The patients treated by general low protein diet had worse nutrition state and worse compliance than those before treatment. Better nutrition state and better compliance were found in personal diet group. Conclusion： The personal diet model should be used to the patients basing on the different conditions.