中国农村地区居民蔬菜的纤维含量和摄入状况的研究

Study on content and intake status of vegetable fiber in rural residents in China

目的了解中国不同地区农村居民主要摄入的蔬菜类食物的膳食纤维含量分布特点。方法利用1983年的全国65个县生态学调查资料,整理农村居民主要摄入的蔬菜类食物的膳食纤维数据,用均值和标准差来表达不同食物的膳食纤维含量值。按照国务院"十一五"规划中全国8个区域的划分设计,用方差分析和组间两两比较的Q检验分析同一种蔬菜膳食纤维含量在不同地区间的差异。结果不同蔬菜类食物的消费在全国的分布是不同的,其中只有萝卜、芸豆、茄子、红辣椒、南瓜、萝卜缨、油菜、大白菜、圆白菜、芹菜和韭菜的食用范围在全国分布较广,其它蔬菜类则仅限于部分地区食用。各种食物中膳食纤维和/或其单体的含量分布也存在不均衡的现象,其中萝卜、芸豆、红辣椒、南瓜、葫芦、圆白菜、甜土豆叶、菠菜和韭菜的纤维或其单体的含量在不同地区间存在明显差异(P<0.01,P<0.05)。用该数据对中国农村居民1982、1992和2002年的营养调查数据进行分析评价,农村居民每标准人日通过蔬菜类食物的膳食纤维摄入量随时间而降低,分别占AI值的32.7%、32.2%和29.7%。结论不同蔬菜类食物的消费在全国的分布是不平衡的,且其膳食纤维含量在不同地区间存在显著差异。

Objective To study the distribution and intake of vegetable fiber of Chinese rural residents. Methods The vegetable fiber content data were come from the datumbase of ecological survey in 65 Chinese counties in 1983. All food data were grouped under eight areas according to Chinese ＂ Eleven-Five＂ Programming of State Council. Average value, standard deviation and valances analysis were used to evaluate the distribution of dietary fiber content in vegetables. Results The consumptions of vegetables in different areas were unbalanced. Radish, kidney bean, eggplant, red pepper, pumpkin, radish leaf, rape, Chinese cabbage, common cabbage, Chinese celery, Chinese leek were widely taken in all area of China, while other vegetables were partly taken in the part area of China. The content distributions of dietary fiber and/or its monomer were also unbalanced. There were statistically significant differences of vegetable fiber and/or its monomer contents in radish, kidney bean, red pepper, pumpkin, common cabbage, sweet potato leaf, spinach, and Chinese leek among the part area of China （ P 〈 0.01, P 〈 0.05）. When the vegetable fiber data were used to evaluate its intake of a rural standard person from vegetables in the national survey of nutrition in 1982, 1992 and 2002, the percentage of its intake to AI were respectively 32.7 %, 32.2 % and 29.7 %. Conclusion The consumptions of vegetables, and its fiber and its monomer contents were unbalanced in different areas all over the country.