文本话语与行为规范:西藏宗教人物传记的史学史意义

Textual Discourses and Practical Regulations: The Historiographic Significance of Tibetan Biographies of Religious Personae

本文主要从历史人类学的角度分析西藏历史上曾经大量著述的历史文本,即宗教人物传记。在这类传记中,西藏传统上有其特殊的分类体系和传统写作样本。传记的形式、流传的方式也与世界上任何一个地方的传记都有所不同。在西藏,传记在藏传佛教中被看作属于一种文本"传规"(lung-rgyun),具有特别的含义。传记传流方式对于藏族史学影响也很大,以至于传记成为藏族史学著作中数量最多的文本。对于西藏宗教传记的文化特点、历史演变及其影响加以全方位的研究,有助于我们对藏族文化的更深层次的认识。

Based on historical anthropology, this article analyzes a great deal of historical texts： the biographies of religious characters in Tibet. They have special sort system and traditional write styles. Compared to other traditions, the Tibetan biographies handed down from ancient times have many differences. In Tibet, biography belongs to the subject＇s demise （lung-rgyun）, that has special significance in Tibetan Buddhism. The initiatory quomodo of Tibetan biography and its promulgation had effect on Tibetan historiography, so that biography provided numerous texts in Tibetan historical works. Their cultural characteristic, historical evolvement and influence help us understand the Tibetan culture.