牙列缺损患者三维数字化牙颌模型数据库的建立

Establishment of library including 3-D digital dental casts for clinical cases with dentition defects

目的初步建立牙列缺损患者计算机三维数字化牙颌模型数据库。方法临床收集KennedyⅠ～Ⅳ类40例行可摘局部义齿修复的牙列缺损患者上下颌石膏模型,利用国产三维光栅投影测量系统将光栅投影至牙颌模型表面,数字相机采集反射的变形光栅条纹,通过系统的三维图像处理软件获取牙颌模型的三维点云数据,并进行一系列处理,得到牙尖交错位的上下颌咬合模型,以三角网格数据(*stl)格式存储。结果所建立的牙列缺损计算机三维数字化牙颌模型数据库中模型的精确度高、形态逼真、表面清晰。结论国产光栅投影测量可以作为实现临床牙列缺损患者牙颌模型三维数字化的一种较好方法,为可摘局部义齿计算机辅助设计和三维专家系统的临床进一步开发提供一基础平台。

Objective To establish the library including 3-D maxillary and mandibular dental casts of clinical patients with dentition defects. Methods 40 maxillary and mandibular gypsum dental casts of clinical patients with partially edentulous dentition were collected. Gratings controlled by a computer were projected onto the surface of dental casts, deformed fringe patterns reflected by the surface were recorded by digital camera, point cloud data were collected in the 3D image process software, and the 3D digital dental casts with correct interocclusal relationship were reconstructed through software and stored as ＊stl. Results The library including 3D dental casts of clinical patients with partially edentulous dentition were established, and the dental casts were accurate, real and clear. Conclusion As a good alternative for acquiring 3-D data of clinically partially edentulous casts, it could reconstruct the 3D image of dental casts and offer a basis for computer-aided design of removable partial denture and 3-D export system.