纵隔髓性脂肪瘤的诊断与治疗（附1例报告及文献复习）

Mediastinal myelolipoma： A case report and review of the literatures

目的探讨纵隔髓性脂肪瘤的临床特点及诊疗方法。方法报道1例双侧后纵隔髓性脂肪瘤并回顾分析国内外病例报告。分析纵隔髓性脂肪瘤的发病情况、临床特点、诊断及治疗方法。结果所有病例均采用手术切除，全部治愈，无复发、转移及恶变者。结论纵隔髓性脂肪瘤为一种罕见良性无功能性肿瘤，早期多无临床表现，肿瘤较大可出现非特异性压迫症状。术前诊断较困难，误诊率高，主要依靠手术病理检查确诊。本病一经发现，需行手术治疗。手术疗效满意。

Objective To discuss the experience of diagnosis and treatment for mediasfinal myelolipoma. Methods A case with mediastinal myelolipoma was reported and seventeen cases in the literatures were reviewed. The incidence rate, characteristics of radiology, the result of treatment, as well as the prognosis were studied retrospectively. Results All the patients were treated surgically and recovered uneventfully. No recurrence, no metastasis, no malignant transformation were observed. Conclusion Mediastinal myelolipoma was a rare benign tumor of mesenchymal origin. The pathogenesis of myelolipoma still remained unclear. Most of the cases didn＇t feel discomfort and were just discovered by X-ray examination incidentally, however the tumors may cause some unspecific oppression symptoms as the tumors growing up. Preoperative diagnosis is extremely difficult. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are of some help for diagnosis of mediastinal myelolipoma. All the cases underwent surgical treatment with good prognosis .