实验性牙周炎动物模型研究

Study of experimental animal model of periodontitis

目的:建立一种近似人类临床牙周炎动物模型。方法:将大鼠随机分成对照组及实验组,并分别给予生理盐水肌肉注射、左上颌第2磨牙钢丝结扎和醋酸泼尼松龙肌肉注射。于实验第6周及第8周分2批处死大鼠。结果:实验组动物激素注射第4天后便出现了进食减少、倦怠少动等表现,符合中医肾虚的症状,并且出现了牙槽骨疏松、牙槽嵴吸收、牙周袋形成及破骨细胞活跃等病理性改变。对照组大鼠则无上述表现。结论:牙间结扎加糖皮质激素注射的方法可成功地建立近似于人类临床牙周炎的动物模型,为研究牙周炎提供了很好的方法。

Objective：To establish experimental periodontitis model in Wistar rats by prednisolone acetate injection and ligature of their left second maxillary molars with steel-wire. Methods：Twenty Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups, control group and experimental group. Muscle injection with saline was regarded as the control group. Prednisolone injection plus ligature of left second maxillary molar with steel-wire was used as the experimental group. The rats were killed after 6 and 8 weeks. Results：The rats in experimental group showed bad appetite and did not want to move after 4 days of injection. These symptoms were agreement with ＂shen-xu＂ in traditional Chinese medi- cine. The osteoporotic changes in alveolar bone, the absorption of alveolar ridge, the formation of periodontal pocket and osteoclastic activity were found in treatment group. None of above pathological changes occurred in periodontal tissue of the control group. Conclusion： Experimental periodontitis model could be successfully established in Wistar rats by ligature with steel-wire plus prednisolone injection, and this animal model offers a good means for the study of periodontitis.