早产和足月产母体牙周状况的对照研究

A case-control study on periodontal status between pre-term and full- term

目的:通过比较早产与足月产母体牙周状况及龈沟液肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平,探讨牙周感染与早产之间的关系。方法:以28例先兆早产孕妇和22例足月先兆临产孕妇为研究对象,在产前进行牙周检查(记录牙龈指数、牙周袋探诊深度、临床附着丧失和龈沟出血指数),采集龈沟液样本,记录龈沟液量,并采用ELISA对龈沟液中肿瘤坏死因子-α水平进行检测。结果:①各牙周参数早产组均明显高于足月组(P<0.01),同时早产组牙周炎患病率比足月组高(P<0.01)。②龈沟液中TNF-α检出率早产组为67.85%,浓度范围为36.32～59.80pg/ml;足月组检出率为27.27%。③龈沟液量早产组明显高于足月组(P<0.01)。④经相关性分析,早产组中牙周袋探诊深度、龈沟液量均与临产孕周呈负相关。结论:牙周感染可能和早产有联系。

Objective： To compare the difference of maternal periodontal status and TNF-α levels in gingival cervical fluid in pregnancy with pre-term and full-term and find the relationship between periodontal infections and pre-term. Methods：The case group consisted of 28 women with pre-term and the control group consisted of 22 women giving birth in time. The clinical examination was performed before delivery. The periodontal condi- tions were evaluated on the basis of the following parameters： gingival index （ GI ） , probing depths （ PD）, clinical attachment level（CAL） and sulcus bleeding index （ SBI ）. Gingival crevicular fliud （ GCF ） samples were collected from all individuals and TNF-α levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay. Results ： Clinical periodontal measures （ GI, PD, CAL, SBI ） in pre- term group were significantly greater than that in the control group. And pre- term group also showed higher prevalence of periodontitis. TNF-α in GCF was detected in 67.85% of pre-term group and in 27.27% of the control group. GCF volumes of case group significantly increased than that of control group. Significant negative correlations were observed between the gestational age at delivery and PD as well as GCF- volumes. Conclusion： There is a possible link between periodontal infections and pregnancy with pre-term condition.