基于关键质量特性的产品保质设计

Design for Quality Based on Product Key Quality Characteristics

在明确质量特性概念基础上,提出了质量特性(QCs)的三层结构及其技术内涵,给出了关键质量特性(KQCs)概念;给出了产品关键质量特性演化模型与演化活动;结合产品设计过程,建立了基于关键质量特性的产品保质设计(DFQ)活动链与模式;基于质量屋给出了完整的关键质量特性提取方法;在产品功能和结构树基础上,应用公理化设计(AD)中功能与结构域映射理论建立了关键质量特性关联树,并在分析噪声因素和统计故障模式的基础上,基于粗糙集理论和模糊逼近于理想的排序方法(FuzzyTOPSIS)提出了关键质量特性关联树节点的质量关联权重计算方法;提出了关键质量特性关联树节点的关联权重评定方法;将基于三维CAD的方案外形评估与基于虚拟样机的方案性能仿真引入保质设计质量评价活动中。最后通过案例应用验证了所提理论与方法的正确性与有效性,为产品保质设计提供了一种可行的系统化的实现方法。

Firstly, quality characteristics （QCs） are defined, the three-layer model and technical connotation of quality characteristics are presented, then the concept of key quality characteristics （KQCs） is presented and its evolution process model is created, and the key activities of KQCs evolution are discussed in the context of design for quality （DFQ）. The design chain and new approach of DFQ based on KQCs are given. Identification method of KQCs is given by means of the house of quality. Decomposition method of hierarchical tree of KQCs is studied based on functional and physical tree in axiomatic design （AD）, and the quality relation weight assessment process of its nodes based on their history data of quality related to noise and fault analysis is discussed in detail by means of rough set and fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution （TOPSIS）. Results of generation, simulation and evaluation implemented quality of assurance plan are studied farther. Finally, case studies of typical mechanical products are offered. Applying the principle of the method presented, the case studies discuss the DFQ mode, the procedures of identifying KQCs, building the hierarchical tree of KQCs and verifying quality assurance plan. The test results of simulation and physical prototype show the validity and promise. Therefore, it provides a new practical approach for design for quality.