1991～2005年海南省疟疾疫情动态分析

Analysis of dynamic epidemic situation of malaria from 1991 to 2005 in Hainan Province

目的分析海南省疟疾疫情流行规律和特点,为制定防治策略提供科学依据。方法收集海南省1991～2005年疟疾发病资料,进行描述性流行病学分析。结果1991～2005年疟疾发病率及其在传染病中的比重呈现下降趋势,在传染病疾病谱中,疟疾发病构成比由1991年的50.77%下降到2005年的11.43%;疟疾发病具有明显季节性,且高峰期长;发病最多的职业是农民,占病例总数的48.42%;地区间发病分布极不平衡,发病率最高的保亭县是发病率最低的海口市的274.28倍;病例分型以间日疟为主、恶性疟次之。结论海南省1991～2005年间疟疾疫情总体呈现下降趋势,今后应继续加强预防控制管理工作,进一步降低疟疾发病率。

Objective To get an insight into the epidemic disciplinarian and traits of malaria epidemic situation from 1991 to 2005 in Hainan Province and provide scientific evidence for the formulation of measures and strategies to prevent and control diseases. Methods The data were collected from malaria cases occurred annually from 1991 to 2005 in Hainan and descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted. Results The average incidence of malaria and proportion in the total infectious diseases showed a decreasing trend from 1991 to 2005, malaria incidence was decreased from 136,10/100000 in 1991 to 52.16/100000 in 2005 and the proportion for malaria among the total infectious diseases dropped from 50.77% in 1991 to 11,43% in 2005 ; There was a apparent seasonal variations in malaria infections and with a longer period o peak incidence; Most cases were farmers occupied 48.42% of total cases; Malaria infection was not evenly distributed , malaria inciddence in Baoting County was 274,28 times higher than that of Haikou City; P, vivax malaria predominated from 1991 to 2005 in Hainan Province and next was P, falciparum malaria. Conclusion Malaria infections in Hainan Province shows a decreasing trend from 1991 to 2005. Malaria control in this province be stengthened for further reducing malaria incidence.