胸水细胞p16和K-ras基因突变对于肺癌的诊断价值

Diagnostic value of p16 and K-ras gene mutation of pleural effusions in lung cancer

目的:探讨p16和K-ras基因在良恶性胸水细胞中的突变情况及对肺癌的诊断作用。方法:研究组为54例伴有恶性胸水的肺癌患者,对照组为28例出现胸水的结核性胸膜炎和其他炎性胸膜炎患者。常规抽取胸水,提取胸水细胞DNA,采用PCR-SSCP方法,分别对p16基因和K-ras基因第1、2外显子进行突变分析。结果:研究组p16基因突变率为33.2%,而对照组只有7.1%,明显低于肺癌患者(P<0.05);研究组K-ras基因突变率(31.5%)也明显高于对照组(3.7%)(P<0.05)。联合应用p16和K-ras基因突变检测可将胸水细胞中肺癌阳性检出率提高至57.4%。结论:p16和K-ras基因突变对良恶性胸水鉴别诊断具有重要价值。

Objective To study the p16 and K-ras mutation in benign and malignant pleural effusions.Method Fifty-four pleural effusion specimens of lung cancer patients and twenty-eight pleural effusion specimens of benign lung disease patients were involved in this study.DNA were extracted from cells of pleural effusions and PCR-SSCP was employed to analyze the mutation of p16 exon 1 and 2 and K-ras exon 1 and 2.Results 33.2%（18/54） of lung cancer patients were detected to show p16 gene mutation,and only 7.1% of benign disease showed p16 mutation,which was significantly lower than that of lung cancer.There was also a obviously difference in the mutation rate of K-ras gene in the two groups.If the p16 and K-ras gene mutation were combined used,the positive rate of lung cancer was elevated to 57.4%.Conclusion Mutant p16 and K-ras gene may be a valuable biomarker to distinct malignant from benign pleural effusions.